شبیه‌سازی دو بعدی دما و شوری در خلیج گرگان در خلال دوره یک ساله 1390

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

نویسنده مسئول، مربی، هیأت علمی، گروه تولید و بهره‌برداری آبزیان، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر نتایج شبیه‌سازی دو بعدی دما و شوری در خلیج گرگان در خلال دوره یک‌ساله 1390 بررسی گردیده است. برای اجرای مدل مایک 21 از داده‌های جهت و سرعت باد، تبخیر و بارش، رطوبت نسبی، ورودی رودخانه‌ها، دمای آب و هوا، شوری، تابش طول موج‌های کوتاه و بلند در درون خلیج و هم‌چنین از داده‌های دما، شوری و نوسان سطح آب در دهانه آشورآده-بندرترکمن استفاده شده است. مدل با بهینه‌سازی ضرایب پسای باد، مقاومت بستر و ضرایب پخش شوری، تضعیف نور و گرمای نهان تبخیر تنظیم گردیده و با استفاده از داده‌های میدانی دما و شوری درستی‌یابی شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که میزان دما و شوری در خلیج در تمام فصول سال دارای روند افزایشی از سمت شرق به غرب است. بیشینه اختلاف دما بین بخش‌های شرقی و غربی 5/3 درجه سانتیگراد است. بیشینه اختلاف دمای شبانه‌روزی در خلیج گرگان 4 درجه سانتی‌گراد است. تغییرات دما و شوری در منتهی‌الیه غربی خلیج به‌دلیل افزایش زمان تعویض محلی آب زیاد است. تغییرات شوری در سواحل جنوبی خلیج متاثر از ورودی رودخانه‌ها است و میزان شوری در نواحی مصبی 4 پی‌اس‌یو است. نظر به کاهش سطح آب و حرکت توده‌های آب خلیج از غرب به شرق در فصل زمستان، مقادیر شوری در نواحی عمیق و مرکزی خلیج در خلال این دوران در مقایسه با فصول دیگر با بیشینه 5/16 پی‌اس‌یو دارای روند افزایشی است. بیشینه شوری برابر 1/21 پی‌اس‌یو و در بخش غربی خلیج گرگان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Two Dimensional Simulation of Temperature and Salinity in the Gorgan Bay in During 2010-2011.

نویسنده [English]

  • saeed sharbaty
Corresponding Author, Instructor, Faculty of Member, Dept. of Fisheries, Gorgan University Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the present study, the results of two-dimensional simulation of temperature and salinity have been investigated in the Gorgan Bay during one-year period of 2011-2012. In order to implement Mike 21 model, wind speed and direction, evaporation and precipitation, relative humidity, rivers inflow, air and water temperature, salinity, short and long wavelengths as well as temperature, salinity and water level fluctuations has been used in the open boundary of the model. The model was adjusted with optimization of wind drag, bed resistance and salinity dispersion, attenuation light intensity and latent heat coefficients, and verificated using salinity and temperature field data. The results of simulation showed that salinity and temperature values in the Bay have an increasing trend from east to west in all seasons. The maximum temperature difference between the eastern and western parts of the Gorgan Bay is 3.5 degrees Celsius. The maximum temperature difference between day and night in the Gorgan bay is 4 degrees Celsius. Temperature and salinity changes in the western part of the bay are significant due to the increase in local water change time. Salinity change in the southern shores of the bay is affected by river inflows and salinity in the estuarine area is 4 PSU. Due to the decrease in water level and the movement of bay water masses from west to east in winter, salinity values in the deep and central areas of the bay during this period compared to other parts with a maximum of 16.5 PSU has an increasing trend. The maximum salinity is 21.1 PSU in the western part of the bay.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gorgan Bay
  • Mike 21
  • Temperature
  • Salinity
Aghili, K., Aghaeimoghadam, A., and Sharifian, M. 2014. Investigation of the trend of annual changes in physical and chemical characteristics of Gorgan Bay for the cultivation of carp in enclosed and caged areas. First Conference on Aquaculture, Challenges and Opportunities, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 10p. (In Persian)
Alishiri, M., Dastanpur, N., and Nejadheydari, H. 2016. Potentiometric analysis of marine aquaculture with the approach of maintaining domestic water resources in Iran. 9TH Progress Pioneers Congress,Tehran, Iran, 9p. (In Persian)
Amini, K. 2016. Study of possibilities of aquaculture activities in the Gorgan Bay. Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute–Inland Waters Aquatics Resources Research Center, Register NO. 48805, 84p. (In Persian)
Ardakani, H. 2017. Ecology. Tehran Univ Press, 340p. (In Persian)
Bagheri, H. 2014. Review Guidelines and Ecological Monitoring of Coastal Waters Using Benthic Indicators (Case Study: Southeast of the Caspian Sea). Environmental Protection Office of Golestan Province, 140p. (In Persian)
Bashari, L., Mahmudy Gharaie, M.H.,and Alizadeh Lahijani, H. 2014. Hydrogeochemical Study of the Gorgan Bay and Factors Controlling the Water Chemistry, Oceanography, 5: 20. 1-14.
Beni, A., Lahijani, H., and Reimer, P. 2013. Caspian Sea-level changes during the last millennium: historical and geological evidence from the south Caspian Sea. Clim. Past 9: 1645-1665.
Coastal Engineering Manual, 2006. Part2, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 354p.
Consulting Engineers of Kankash Omran, 2008. Studies on the identification of water resources in the Miankaleh Peninsula. Mazandaran Regional Water Company, 89p. (In Persian)
DHI, 2014. MIKE21 Flow Model user guide and scientific documentation, 98p.
First Consulting Engineers, 1987. Gorgan Bay. Iran Fisheries Company, 115p.(In Persian)
Ghemi, M., and Javaherzadeh, F. 2015. A review of Iran's wetlands recorded in the Ramsar Convention and its impact on the development of sustainable tourism and the proposal for the restoration and conservation of wetlands. International Conference on Management and Ecological Development, Mashhad, Iran, 14p. (In Persian)
Jamshidi, S. 2016. Study on Phisycal and Chemical Characteristics of Seawater of Gorgan Bay in the Eastern Part of Southern Coast of the Caspian Sea. Proceedings of Academics World 44th International Conference, Bangkok, Thailand, 13th-14th, Sep 2016, ISBN: 978-93-86083-34-0, 5p. 
Javani, A. 2012. Spatial modeling of different pollution in Gorgan Bay.M.Sc. Thesis. Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University. Tehran, Iran, 116p. (In Persian)
Javani, A., Taheri, H., Mohamadkhani, M., and Mansori, B. 2014. The Temporal-Spatial variations of nitrate and phosphate concentrations in the Gorgan Bay. J. Environ. Sci. Engin. 1: 3. 1-13. (In Persian)
Morovati, H., Torabiazad, L., and Mehrfar, H. 1998. Study and formulation of intense budget heating under severe winds in Gorgan Bay. J. Basic Sci. Islamic Azad University, 63: 19-31.(In Persian)
Pourmandi-Yekta, A.H. 2006. Investigating of Water Exchange between Caspian Sea and Gorgan Bay. Ministry of Energy, Water Resources Management Company, 152p. (In Persian)
Poya Tarh Pars Consulting Engineers. 2017. Identifying and Presenting Emergency Rescue Solutions ofGorgan Bay and Miankaleh Wetland, Golestan Regional Water Company, 473p. (In Persian)
Rahimipour, H. 2005. Investigation of Hydrodynamic of currents and prediction of Erosion and Sedimentation Pattern in Groan Bay, Iran. Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute. Report number: 84/322, 85p. (In Persian)
Ranjbar, M.H., and Hadjizadeh Zaker, N. 2017. Numerical modeling of general circulation, thermohaline structure, and residence time in Gorgan Bay, Iran. Ocean Dynamics, 68: 1. 35-46.
Roodbari Shahmiri, S., Adjami, M., and Khoshravan, H. 2018. A Comparative Study between Numerical Results and Field Observations for Coastal Morphology Features in Miankaleh Coasts. J. Hydraul. 13: 2. 37-53.(In Persian)
Sharbaty, S. 2012. Two Dimensional simulations of seasonal flow patterns in the Gorgan Bay. J. Basic Appl. Sci. Res. 2: 5. 4382-4391.
Sharbaty, S., and Kolangi, H. 2017. Two Dimensional Modeling of Net Water Renewal Time in Gorgan Bay. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 19: 5. 241-249. (In Persian)
Sharbaty, S., and Shabani, A. 2016. Impacts of Khozeini Canal Reopening on General Current Pattern in Gorgan Bay (South East of the Caspian Sea. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 18: 2. 68-80.(In Persian)
Taheri, M., Foshtomi, M., Noranian, M., and Mira, S. 2012. Spatial distribution and biodiversity of macrofauna in the southeast of the Caspian Sea, Gorgan Bay in relation to environmental conditions. Ocean Science, 47: 113-122.
Yarinasab, A. 2012. Water quality modeling of Gorgan bay. M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran, Iran, 106p. (In Persian)
Yarinasab, A., Taheri, H., Mohamadkhani, H., Poursofi, T., and Mansori, B. 2014. Hydrodynamical and salinity modeling of Gorgan Bay in order to extract the confidence interval between fish farms under instantaneous pollution load. Fisheries Journal, Iran. J. Natur. Resour. 66: 4. 505-517. (In Persian)