Alawi, M., Lipski, A., Sanders, T.,and Spieck, E. 2007. Cultivation of a novel cold-adapted nitrite oxidizing betaproteobacterium from the Siberian Arctic. ISME J. 1: 3. 256-264.
Benli, A.Ç.K., Köksal, G., and Özkul, A. 2008. Sublethal ammonia exposure of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.): effects on gill, liver and kidney histology. Chemosphere. 72: 9. 1355-1358.
Berry, E.D., and Foegeding, P.M. 1997. Cold temperature adaptation andgrowth of microorganisms. J. Food Prot. 60: 12. 1583-1594.
Chandra, J., Samali, A., and Orrenius, S. 2000. Triggering and modulationof apoptosis by oxidative stress.Free Radical Biology and Medicine.29: 3-4. 323-333.
Chen, J., Zhang, X., Hu, G., Qu, J., Fan, L., and Song, C. 2011. The immune response of GIFT Oreochromis niloticus and its susceptibility to Streptococcus iniae under stress in different ammonia. Ecology and Environmental Sciences. 20: 4. 629-634.
Chen, Y.S., Yanagida, F., and Shinohara, T. 2005. Isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from soil using an enrichment procedure. Letters in applied microbiology. 40: 3. 195-200.
Cheng, C.H., Yang, F.F., Ling, R.Z., Liao, S.A., Miao, Y.T., Ye, C.X., and Wang, A.L. 2015. Effects of ammonia exposure on apoptosis, oxidative stress and immune response in pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus). Aquatic toxicology.164: 61-71.
Cheng, W., and Chen, J.C. 2002. The virulence of Enterococcus to freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and its immune resistance under ammonia stress. Fish & shellfish immunology.12: 2. 97-109.
Cheng, W., Chen, S.M., Wang, F.I., Hsu, P.I., Liu, C.H., and Chen, J.C. 2003. Effects of temperature, pH, salinity and ammonia on the phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergiito Lactococcus garvieae. Aquaculture. 219: 1-4. 111-121.
Chung, S., and Secombes, C. 1988. Analysis of events occurring within teleost macrophages during the respiratory burst. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, 89: 3. 539-544.
Cohen, Y. 2001. Biofiltration–the treatment of fluids by microorganisms immobilized into the filter bedding material: a review. Bioresource technology. 77: 3. 257-274.
Cui, Y., Ren, X., Li, J., Zhai, Q., Feng, Y., Xu, Y., and Ma, L. 2017. Effects of ammonia-N stress on metabolic and immune function via the neuroendocrine system in Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish & shellfish immunology. 64: 270-275.
Decamp, O., Conquest, L., Forster, I., and Tacon, A. 2002. The nutrition and feeding of marine shrimp withinzero-water exchange aquaculture production systems: role of eukaryotic microorganisms. In: World Aquaculture Society: Microbial approaches to aquatic nutrition within environmentally sound aquaculture production systems.
Ding, Z., Kong, Y., Zhang, Y., Li, J., Cao, F., Zhou, J., and Ye, J. 2017. Effect of feeding frequency on growth, body composition, antioxidant status and mRNA expression of immunodependent genes before or after ammonia-N stress in juvenile oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense. Fish & shellfish immunology. 68: 428-434.
Eddy, F. 2005. Ammonia in estuariesand effects on fish. J. Fish Biol.67: 6. 1495-1513.
Ellis, R., Parry, H., Spicer, J., Hutchinson, T., Pipe, R., and Widdicombe, S.2011. Immunological function inmarine invertebrates: responses to environmental perturbation. Fish & shellfish immunology. 30: 6. 1209-1222.
Foesel, B.U., Gieseke, A., Schwermer, C., Stief, P., Koch, L., Cytryn, E., ... Drake, H.L. 2007. Nitrosomonas Nm143-like ammonia oxidizers and Nitrospira marina-like nitrite oxidizers dominate the nitrifier community in a marine aquaculture biofilm. FEMS microbiology ecology. 63: 2. 192-204.
Foss, A., Evensen, T.H., Vollen, T., and Øiestad, V. 2003. Effects of chronic ammonia exposure on growth and food conversion efficiency in juvenile spotted wolffish. Aquaculture. 228: 1-4. 215-224.
Foss, A., Imsland, A.K., Roth, B., Schram, E., and Stefansson, S.O. 2009. Effects of chronic and periodic exposure to ammonia on growth and blood physiology in juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Aquaculture. 296: 1-2. 45-50.
Gao, D., Zhang, X., Zhu, C., Wang, Y., and Min, W. 2013. Cadmium triggers kidney cell apoptosis of purse red common carp (Cyprinus carpio) without caspase-8 activation. Developmental & Comparative Immunology. 41: 4. 728-737.
Hegazi, M.M., Attia, Z.I., and Ashour, O.A. 2010. Oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes in liver and white muscle of Nile tilapia juveniles in chronic ammonia exposure. Aquatic toxicology. 99: 2. 118-125.
Johansson, M.W., Keyser, P., Sritunyalucksana, K., and Söderhäll,K. 2000. Crustacean haemocytesand haematopoiesis. Aquaculture.191: 1-3. 45-52.
Kalbassi, M.R., Abdollahzadeh, E., and Salari-Joo, H. 2013. A review on aquaculture development in Iran. Ecopersia. 1: 2. 159-178.
Kim, S.H., Kim, J.H., Park, M.A., Hwang, S.D., and Kang, J.C. 2015. The toxic effects of ammonia exposure on antioxidant and immune responses in Rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii during thermal stress. Environmental toxicology and pharmacology. 40: 3. 954-959.
Lang, T., Peters, G., Hoffmann, R.,and Meyer, E. 1987. Experimental investigations on the toxicity of ammonia: effects on ventilation frequency, growth, epidermal mucous cells, and gill structure of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri. Diseases of aquatic organisms (3).
Lemarié, G., Dosdat, A., Coves, D., Dutto, G., Gasset, E., and Person-Le Ruyet, J. 2004. Effect of chronic ammonia exposure on growth of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. Aquaculture. 229: 1-4. 479-491.
Li, B., Irvin, S., and Baker, K. 2007. The variation of nitrifying bacterial population sizes in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating low, mid, high concentrated synthetic wastewater. J. Environ. Engin. Sci. 6: 6. 651-663.
Li, M., Yu, N., Qin, J. G., Li, E., Du, Z., and Chen, L. 2014. Effects of ammonia stress, dietary linseed oil and Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge on juvenile darkbarbel catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli. Fish & shellfish immunology. 38: 1. 158-165.
Lin, Y.C., and Chen, J.C. 2001. Acute toxicity of ammonia on Litopenaeus vannamei Boone juveniles at different salinity levels. J. Exp. Marin. Biol. Ecol. 259: 1. 109-119.
Luzio, A., Monteiro, S.M., Fontaínhas-Fernandes, A.A., Pinto-Carnide, O., Matos, M., and Coimbra, A.M. 2013. Copper induced upregulation of apoptosis related genes in zebrafish (Danio rerio) gill. Aquatic toxicology. 128: 183-189.
Malone, R.F., and Pfeiffer, T.J. 2006. Rating fixed film nitrifying biofilters used in recirculating aquaculture systems. Aquacultural Engineering.34: 3. 389-402.
Meade, J.W. 1985. Allowable ammoniafor fish culture. The Progressive Fish‐Culturist. 47: 3. 135-145.
Möck, A., and Peters, G. 1990. Lysozyme activity in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), stressed by handling, transport and water pollution. J. Fish Biol. 37: 6. 873-885.
Murthy, C.R., Rama Rao, K., Bai, G., and Norenberg, M.D. 2001. Ammonia‐induced production of free radicals in primary cultures of rat astrocytes. J. Neurosci. Res. 66: 2. 282-288.
Neissi, A., Rafiee, G., Nematollahi, M., and Razavi, S.H. 2015. The impact of diet containing canthaxanthin extracted from Dietzia natronolimnaea -HS1 bacteria on growth and non-specific immune responses improvement of Green Terror, Aequidens rivulatus (Günther, 1860). J. Appl. Ichthyol. Res. 3: 3. 95-106.
Neissi, A., Rafiee, G., Rahimi, S., Farahmand, H., Pandit, S., and Mijakovic, I. 2022. Enriched Microbial Communities for Ammonium and Nitrite Removal from Recirculating Aquaculture Systems. Chemosphere, accepted.
Paust, L.O., Foss, A., and Imsland, A.K. 2011. Effects of chronic and periodic exposure to ammonia on growth, food conversion efficiency and blood physiology in juvenile Atlantichalibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.). Aquaculture. 315: 3-4. 400-406.
Person-Le Ruyet, J., Chartois, H., and Quemener, L. 1995. Comparative acute ammonia toxicity in marine fish and plasma ammonia response. Aquaculture. 136: 1-2. 181-194.
Phadtare, S. 2004. Recent developmentsin bacterial cold-shock response.Current issues in molecular biology.6: 2. 125-136.
Pinto, W., Aragão, C., Soares, F., Dinis, M. T., and Conceição, L.E. 2007. Growth, stress response and free amino acid levels in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup 1858) chronically exposed to exogenous ammonia. Aquaculture research. 38: 11. 1198-1204.
Polissi, A., De Laurentis, W., Zangrossi, S., Briani, F., Longhi, V., Pesole, G., and Dehò, G. 2003. Changes in Escherichia coli transcriptome during acclimatization at low temperature. Research in microbiology. 154: 8. 573-580.
Prescott, J.F., and Yielding, K.M. 1990. In vitro susceptibility of selected veterinary bacterial pathogens to ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin. Can. J. Vet. Res. 54: 1. 195.
Rafiee, G., and Saad, C.R. 2010. Theeffect of natural zeolite (clinoptiolite)on aquaponic production of redtilapia (Oreochromis sp.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. Longifolia), and improvement of water quality. J. Agric. Sci. Technol. 8: 313-322.
Rama, S., and Manjabhat, S.N. 2014. Protective effect of shrimp carotenoids against ammonia stress in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 107: 207-213.
Randall, D.J., and Tsui, T. 2002. Ammonia toxicity in fish. Marine pollution bulletin. 45: 1-12. 17-23.
Romano, N., and Zeng, C. 2010.Changes to the histological gillstructure and haemolymph composition of early blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus juveniles during elevated ammonia‐N exposure and thepost‐exposure recovery. Aquaculture research. 41: 4. 468-480.
Rosenthal, H., Castell, J.D., Chiba, K., Forster, J.R.M., Hilge, V., Hogendoorn, H., ... Wickins, J. 1986. Flow-through and recirculation systems. EIFAC. 100.
Russell, N.J. 2002. Bacterial membranes: the effects of chill storage and food processing. An overview. Inter. J. Food Microbiol. 79(1): 27-34.
Schreier, H.J., Mirzoyan, N., and Saito,K. 2010. Microbial diversity of biological filters in recirculating aquaculture systems. Current opinion in biotechnology. 21: 3. 318-325.
Segner, H., Sundh, H., Buchmann, K., Douxfils, J., Sundell, K.S., Mathieu, C., ... Vaughan, L. 2012. Health offarmed fish: its relation to fishwelfare and its utility as welfare indicator. Fish physiology and biochemistry. 38: 1. 85-105.
Sinha, A.K., Liew, H.J., Diricx, M., Kumar, V., Darras, V.M., Blust, R., and De Boeck, G. 2012. Combined effects of high environmental ammonia, starvation and exercise on hormonal andion-regulatory response in goldfish (Carassius auratus L.). Aquatic toxicology. 114: 153-164.
Stephen, J.R., McCaig, A.E., Smith, Z., Prosser, J.I., and Embley, T.M. 1996. Molecular diversity of soil and marine 16S rRNA gene sequences related to beta-subgroup ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 62: 11. 4147-4154.
Suzuki, H., Yanaka, A., Shibahara, T., Matsui, H., Nakahara, A., Tanaka,N., ... Uchiyama, Y. 2002. Ammonia-induced apoptosis is accelerated at higher pH in gastric surface mucous cells. American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. 283: 4. G986-G995.
Svobodová, Z. 1993. Water quality and fish health: Food & Agriculture Org.
Taotao, Z., Dong, L., Huiping, Z.,Shuibo, X., Wenxin, Q., Yingjiu, L.,and Jie, Z. 2015. Nitrogen removal efficiency and microbial community analysis of ANAMMOX biofilter at ambient temperature. Water Science and Technology. 71: 5. 725-733.
Tort, L. 2011. Stress and immune modulation in fish. Developmental& Comparative Immunology.35: 12. 1366-1375.
Urakawa, H., Tajima, Y., Numata, Y., and Tsuneda, S. 2008. Low temperature decreases the phylogenetic diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in aquarium biofiltration systems. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 3. 894-900.
van Rijn, J., and Rivera, G. 1990.Aerobic and anaerobic biofiltrationin an aquaculture unit-nitrite accumulation as a result of nitrification and denitrification. Aquacultural Engineering. 9: 4. 217-234.
Zhang, H., Shao, D., Wu, Y., Cai, C., Hu, C., Shou, X., ... Jia, X. 2012. Apoptotic responses of Carassius auratus lymphocytes to nodularin exposure in vitro. Fish & shellfish immunology.33: 6. 1229-1237.
)