نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 عضو هیات علمی گروه شیلات دانشگاه دریانوردی و علوم دریایی چابهار
2 دانشگاه دریانوردی و علوم دریایی چابهار
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Oxidative stress, caused by the overproduction of free radicals, is a major factor in many chronic diseases, including premature aging, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. Antioxidants play a crucial role in absorbing and neutralizing free radicals, thereby reducing their harmful effects on the body. In recent years, bioactive peptides extracted from marine protein sources have attracted much attention due to their strong antioxidant properties and natural safety. Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus), commonly used in Europe to reduce sea lice parasites in salmon co-culture, becomes waste after harvesting. This study aimed to optimize the utilization of this protein source for the production of lumpfish protein hydrolysate and antioxidant peptides.
Lumpfish meat was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis with three different treatments: Alcalase (AL), Food ProPNL (FO), and a combination of Food ProPNL and Flavourzyme (FO+FL). The degree of hydrolysis, antioxidant properties (DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging), and amino acid profile of the samples were measured and compared.
After 180 minutes, the final degree of hydrolysis in all treatments reached approximately 47-48%, with no significant difference between the treatments. All enzymatic treatments successfully produced peptides with strong antioxidant properties. At a concentration of 10 mg/mL, the FO+FL combination showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (79.83%) with a significant difference, followed by FO (68.94%) and Alcalase (67.78%). At the highest concentration (4 mg/mL), all treatments showed very high ABTS radical scavenging activity (89-91%), and there was no significant difference in the IC50 values among the three treatments. The enzymatic treatments resulted in different total amino acid yields, with the total amino acids in the Alcalase treatment being 680.73 mg/g, followed by FO with 640.22 mg/g and FO+FL with 599.66 mg/g. Alcalase consistently produced the highest concentrations of amino acids, especially glutamic acid (95.05 mg/g), glycine (76.65 mg/g), aspartic acid (59.43 mg/g), and lysine (51.44 mg/g).
The results showed that the combination of endopeptidases (with random hydrolysis of peptide bonds) and exopeptidases (with hydrolysis of the end points of the protein chain) can increase the production of peptides with optimal biological activity. These peptides have the potential to replace synthetic antioxidants in the food and pharmaceutical industries and can contribute to reducing biological waste and producing nutraceuticals.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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