سنجش غلظت برخی از عناصر کمیاب و فلزات سنگین در فوک کاسپین (Pusa caspica) در امتداد خط ساحلی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

4 گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران

چکیده

در مطالعه حاضر تعداد 15 لاشه فوک کاسپین (8 نر و 7 ماده) در طول خط ساحلی ایران (گلستان، مازندران و گیلان) طی سال‌های 1400 تا 1402 مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج به دست آمده در بافت کبد لاشه‌های سه استان نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار آرسنیک 78/0 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم در استان گیلان مشاهده شد. همچنین، بیشترین میزان این عنصر در بافت کلیه و چربی به ترتیب 03/1 و 99/3 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم در استان گیلان مشاهده گردید که با استان گلستان تفاوت معناداری داشت (05/0≥P). بیشترین میزان کادمیوم در بافت کبد در استان گلستان 4/0 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم و در بافت کلیه در استان گیلان 28/16 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم وجود داشت. آهن بیشترین غلظت را در میان عناصر دیگر داشت که بیشترین میزان آن، در بافت کبد، کلیه و چربی در استان گیلان به ترتیب 1/928، 9/678 و 37/81 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم مشاهده گردید. بیشترین میزان عنصر جیوه در بافت کبد به طور معناداری در استان گلستان وجود داشت (3/5 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم). علاوه بر این، بیشترین میزان فلز سرب موجود در بافت کبد، کلیه و چربی نیز در استان گیلان مشاهده شد. حضور عنصر روی در بافت کبد در دو استان گلستان و گیلان بیشترین مقدار بود که تفاوت معناداری میان آنها وجود نداشت (به ترتیب 25/94 و 43/91 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم). بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده بیشترین میزان عناصر سنگین خطرناک جیوه، آرسنیک و کادمیوم به ترتیب در نمونه‌های استان‌های گلستان (6/45 درصد)، مازندران (31 درصد) و گیلان (5/73 درصد) یافت شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Measurement some of Trace Elements and Heavy Metals Concentrations in Caspian Seal (Pusa caspica) Along the Iranian Coastline

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Reza Khaleghi 1
  • Seyed Aliakbar Hedayati 2
  • Seyyed Abbas Hoseini 3
  • Mohammad Gholizadeh 4
  • Roghayeh Safari 1
1 Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Corresponding Author, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
4 Dept. of Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Studies on the load of heavy metals in various mammalian species in most aquatic ecosystems around the world are constantly being conducted. Investigating the concentration of heavy metals in marine organisms is important and necessary for monitoring and assessing the risks of these types of pollutants in marine ecosystems. These studies have confirmed the occurrence of these types of pollutants in top predators of the food chain such as seals. In the present study, 15 Caspian seal carcasses were examined along the Iranian coastline (Golestan, Mazandaran, and Gilan provinces) during 2021-2023. Liver, kidney, and blubber tissues were sampled for heavy metal analysis, and the samples were injected into an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer after preparation. The results showed that the highest arsenic concentration in liver tissue was 0.78 (mg/kg) in Gilan province. The highest levels of this element in kidney and blubber tissues were also observed in Gilan province at 1.03 and 3.99 (mg/kg) respectively, differing significantly from Golestan province (P≤0.05). The highest cadmium level was found in liver tissue in Golestan province at 0.4 (mg/kg) and in kidney tissue in Gilan province at 16.28 (mg/kg). Iron had the highest concentration among the other elements, with the maximum levels in liver, kidney and blubber tissues observed in Gilan province at 928.1, 678.9 and 81.37 (mg/kg) respectively. The highest significant level of mercury was found in liver tissue in Golestan province at 5.3 (mg/kg). Lead was also highest in liver, kidney and blubber tissues from Gilan province. Based on the results, it seems that the main sources of environmental pollution in the Caspian Sea can have significant adverse effects on the natural habitats and animal species of this unique aquatic ecosystem. Comparing the results of the present study with those of previous ones can be very effective in the continuous monitoring and surveillance of pollutants, including heavy metals, in the Caspian Sea ecosystem.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Marine mammal
  • Caspian seal
  • Pollution
  • Caspian Sea ecosystem

مراجع

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مجله بهره برداری و پرورش آبزیان
دوره 13، شماره 4
دی 1403
صفحه 13-29

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