اثرات جایگزینی آرد گندم اکسترود شده با آرد بلوط اکسترود شده بر رشد، فعالیت آنزیمی و قابلیت هضم جیره غذایی در کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول، گروه شیلات دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم‌الانبیاء بهبهان، بهبهان، ایران

2 گروه شیلات دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم‌الانبیاء بهبهان، بهبهان، ایران.

چکیده

از میوه بلوط به‌دلیل قیمت پایین به‌وفور در تغذیه دام استفاده می‌شود اما به‌منظور مصرف آن در غذای آبزیان لازم است اثر فرآیند ساخت خوراک بر قابلیت استفاده از آن بررسی شود. چهار نوع جیره غذایی شامل: 1- حاوی 17 درصد آرد گندم اکسترود شده، 2- حاوی 5 درصد آرد گندم اکسترود نشده و 12 درصد آرد گندم اکسترود شده، 3- حاوی 5 درصد آرد بلوط اکسترود نشده و 12 درصد آرد گندم اکسترود شده و 4- حاوی 5 درصد آرد بلوط اکسترود شده و 12 درصد آرد گندم اکسترود شده، در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی و با سه تکرار جهت هر تیمار ارزیابی شد. پرورش در مخازن گرد پلاستیکی با حجم 250 لیتر و با تراکم 15 قطعه ماهی با میانگین وزن 03/0±42/5 گرم در هر مخزن انجام شد. پس از 8 هفته، بالاترین وزن و طول کل در ماهی‌های تیمار 4 مشاهده گردید به‌طوری‌که اختلاف معنی‌داری با تیمار 3 داشت (05/0P<). میزان پروتئین در عصاره آنزیمی تیمار 1 به‌طور معنی‌دار بیشتر از سایر تیمارها بود (05/0P<). بیشترین فعالیت پروتئاز در تیمار 2 مشاهده شد که تفاوت آن با تیمار 3 معنی‌دار بود (05/0P<). قابلیت هضم پروتئین هم در تیمار 2 به‌طور معنی‌دار بیشتر از سایر تیمارها بود (05/0P<). به‌طور معنی‌دار فعالیت آمیلاز در تیمار 2 از سایر تیمارها بیشتر بود و کمترین قابلیت هضم کربوهیدرات در تیمار 3 مشاهده گردید (05/0P<). براساس شاخص‌های رشد، فعالیت آنزیم‌های گوارشی و قابلیت هضم پروتئین و کربوهیدرات، مصرف آرد بلوط در سطح 5 درصد جیره اکسترود شده کپور معمولی، توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of replacing extruded wheat flour with extruded oak acorn flour on growth, enzyme activity and diet digestibility in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hojjatollah Alamdari 1
  • Khadije Musavi 2
1 . Corresponding Author, Dept. of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran
2 Dept. of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Oak acorn is widely used in livestock feeding due to its low price but in order to use it in the diet of aquatic animals, it is necessary to study the effect of the feed manufacturing process on its usability. Four diets containing: 1) 17% extruded wheat flour, 2) 5% non-extruded wheat flour and 12% extruded wheat flour, 3) 5% non-extruded oak acorn flour and 12% extruded wheat flour, and 4) 5% of extruded oak acorn flour and 12% of extruded wheat flour were evaluated in a completely randomized design with three replicates for each treatment. The fish were reared in round plastic tanks with a volume of 250 liters and a density of 15 fish with an average initial weight of 5.42 ± 0.03 g in each tank. After 8 weeks, the highest weight and total length of fish were observed in treatment 4, so that there was a significant difference with treatment 3 (P<0.05). The amount of protein in the enzyme extract of treatment 1 was significantly higher than other treatments (P<0.05). The highest protease activity was observed in treatment 2, which was significantly different from treatment 3 (P<0.05). Protein digestibility in treatment 2 was significantly higher than other treatments (P<0.05). Significantly, the highest amylase activity was observed in treatment 2 and the lowest carbohydrate digestibility was recorded in treatment 3 (P<0.05). Based on growth indicators, digestive enzyme activity and protein and carbohydrate digestibility, it is recommended to consume oak acorn flour at the level of 5% of common carp extruded diet.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • common carp
  • digestibility
  • enzyme activity
  • extruding
  • oak acorn

مراجع

1.Yasumaru, F., & Lemos, D. (2014). Species specific in vitro protein digestion (pH-stat) for fish: method development and application for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), cobia (Rachycentron canadum), and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture, 427, 74-84.
2.Narui, M., & Alamdari, H. (2022). Effect of feeding with soaked and fermented Iranian acorn (Quercus brantii) on the growth, feed utilization and carcass composition of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal, 31 (1), 47-56. (Translated in Persian)
3.Nadri, A., & Alamdari, H. (2022). Effects of soaking oak acorn, Quercus brantii in water on the removal of phenolic compounds and its digestibility for common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Aquatic Animals Nutrition, 8 (1), 57-66. (Translated in Persian)
4.Szablowska, E., & Tanska, M. (2020). Acorn flour properties depending on the production method and laboratory baking test results: A review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 20, 980-1008.
5.Singh, S., Gamlath, S., & Wakeling, L. 2007. Nutritional aspects of food extrusion: A review. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 42 (8), 916-929.
6.Nikmaram, N., Leong, S. Y., Koubaa, M., Zhu, Z., Barba, F. J., Greiner, R., Oey, I., & Roohinejad, S. (2017). Effect of extrusion on the anti-nutritional factors of food products: An overview. Food Control, 79, 62-73.
7.Anwar, A., Wan, A. H., Omar, S., El-Haroun, E., & Davies, S. J. (2020). The potential of a solid-state fermentation supplement to augment white lupin (Lupinus albus) meal incorporation in diets for farmed common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Aquaculture Reports, 17, 1-10.
8.Mahmoudikiya, Z., Imani, A., & Sarvi Moghanlou, K. (2019). Effect medicinal plants powder, stocking density and dietary aflatoxin contamination on digestive enzymes activity of rainbow trout. Veterinary Researches and Biological Products, 124, 110-117. (Translated in Persian)
9.AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). (2000). Official Methods of Analysis 17th ed. Washington D.C., 2200 p.
10.NRC (National Research Council). (2011). Nutrient requirements of fish and shrimp. National Academy Press. Washington, D.C., 376 p.
11.Khan, A., & Ghosh, K. (2013). Phytic acid-induced inhibition of digestive protease and α-amylase in three Indian major carps: An in vitro study. Journal of the world aquaculture society, 44 (6), 853-859.
12.Walker, J. M. (2002). The Protein Protocols Handbook. University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Humana Press Inc., UK. 1173 p.
13.Kattakdad, S., Jintasataporn, O., Worawattanamateekul, W., & Chumkam, S. (2018). pH characterization of digestive enzyme and in vitro digestibility of red bee shrimp Caridina cantonensis (Decapoda: Atyidae). Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development, 9 (2), 1-6.
14.Ghaderi-Ghahfarrokhi, M., Sadeghi-Mahoonak, A. R., Alami, M., & Mousavi-Khanegah, A. (2017). Effect of processing treatments on polyphenol removal from kernel of two Iranian acorns varieties. International Food Research Journal, 24 (1), 86-93.
15.Kokoua, F., & Fountoulaki, E. (2018). Aquaculture waste production associated with antinutrient presence in common fish feed plant ingredients. Aquaculture, 495, 295-310.
16.Hofer, R., & Sturmbauer, C. (1985). Inhibition of trout and carp α-amylase by wheat. Aquaculture, 48 (3-4), 277-283.
17.Mandal, S., & Ghosh, K. (2010). Inhibitory effect of Pistia tannin on digestive enzymes of Indian major carps: an in vitro study. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 36, 1171-1180.
18.Carmona, A., Seild, D. S., & Jaffe, W. G. (1991). Comparison of extraction methods and assay procedures for the determination of the apparent tannin content of common beans. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,
56 (3), 291-301.
19.Vidal, L. V. O., Xavier, T. O., Moura, L. B., Michelato, M., Martins, E. N., & Furuya, W. M. (2017). Apparent digestibility of wheat and coproducts in extruded diets for the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Revista Brasileira de Saude e Producao Animal, 18 (3), 479-491.
20.Konovalenko, L. Y., Nemenushchaya, L. A., & Shchegolikhina, T. A. (2022). Techniques for up-to-date aquaculture compound feed production facilities. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 954, 012038.
21.Imani, A., Salimi Bani, M., Noori, F., Farzaneh, M., & Sarvi Moghanlou, K. (2017). The effect of bentonite and yeast cell wall along with cinnamon oil on aflatoxicosis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Digestive enzymes, growth indices, nutritional performance and proximate body composition. Aquaculture, 476, 160-167.
22.Gominho-Rosa, M. C., Rodrigues, A. P. O., Mattioni, B., Francisco, A., Moraes, G., & Fracalossi, D. M. (2015). Comparison between the omnivorous jundia catfish (Rhamdia quelen) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) on the utilization of dietary starch sources: Digestibility, enzyme activity and starch microstructure. Aquaculture, 435, 92-99.
مجله بهره برداری و پرورش آبزیان
دوره 13، شماره 3
مهر 1403
صفحه 91-102

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار