مقایسه فعالیت آنزیم‌های گوارشی تریپسین، کیموتریپسین و آمیلاز در چهار گونه کپور ماهیان (سفید، کلمه، سیاه ماهی و کپور معمولی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

2 نویسنده مسئول، ایستگاه تحقیقات نرم‌تنان خلیج‌فارس، پژوهشکده اکولوژی خلیج‌فارس و دریای عمان، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بندرلنگه، ایران.

3 پژوهشکده اکولوژی خلیج‌فارس و دریای عمان، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بندرعباس، ایران

4 مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

5 گروه شیلات، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، مطالعه مقایسه‌ای فعالیت آنزیم‌های پروتئاز و آمیلاز دستگاه گوارش چهار گونه از خانواده کپورماهیان (یک گونه گیاهخوار: سیاه‌ماهی -سه گونه همه‌چیز‌خوار: کپور معمولی، کلمه و ماهی سفید) تغذیه‌شده با یک جیره غذایی واحد بود. نتایج نشان داد که پروفیل آنزیمی در هر چهار گونه مورد مطالعه یکسان و علی رغم استفاده از یک جیره غذایی با پروتئین نسبتا بالا (38-41 درصد)، میزان فعالیت آنزیم آمیلاز در مقایسه با آنزیم های پروتئازی تریپسین و کیموتریپسین بالاتر بود. هر چند اختلاف معنی داری در میزان فعالیت این آنزیم ها در بین گونه های مختلف مشاهده شد، به طوری که بالاترین میزان فعالیت آنزیم تریپسین و کیموتریپسین مربوط به ماهی کلمه بود، در حالی که بالاترین میزان فعالیت آنزیم آمیلاز و شاخص سوماتیک دستگاه گوارش در ماهی کپور معمولی اندازه گیری شد. بنابراین، فعالیت آمیلاز در مطالعه حاضر مستقل از عادت غذایی ماهی بود، در حالی که فعالیت آنزیم پروتئازی تریپسین تا حدودی وابسته به عادت غذایی ماهی بود. همچنین بالاترین شاخص نسبت آمیلاز به پروتئاز مربوط به ماهی کپور معمولی بود که نشان دهنده توانایی بالاتر این گونه برای استفاده از کربوهیدرات ها و امکان استفاده از جیره های غذایی با مواد مغذی ارزان تر جهت پرورش و تولید اقتصادی این گونه می باشد

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of digestive enzymes activity of trypsin, chymotrypsin and amylase in four species of Cyprinidae (Rutilus frisii kuttum, Rutilus rutilus caspicus, Capoeta capoeta, and Cyprinus carpio)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marzieh Abolfathi 1
  • Sajjad Pourmozaffar 2
  • Saeid Tamadoni Jahromi 3
  • Reza Nahavandi 4
  • Soghra Mehravar 5
1 Dept. of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
2 Corresponding Author, Persian Gulf Mollusks Research Station, Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar-e-Lengeh, Iran.
3 Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar Abbas, Iran.
4 Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
5 Dept. of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to compare digestive enzymes activity (alkaline proteases and amylase) in four species of Cyprinidae including one herbivorous species, the Caucasian scraper (Capoeta capoeta), and three omnivorous species, common carp (Cyprinus carpio), roach (Rutilus rutilus), and Caspian kutum, (Rutilus frisii kutum). All four species were fed with similar diet. The results showed that the enzyme profile was similar in four species and amylase enzyme activity was higher compared to protease enzymes (trypsin and chymotrypsin). However, there was a significant difference in the activity of these enzymes among the studied species. The highest trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were observed in roach, while common carp had the highest amylase enzyme and digestive somatic index. Therefore, the amylase activity was independent of feeding habit, while protease activity was relatively more dependent on feeding habit. The highest amylase / protease ratio was recorded in common carp which indicates the higher capacity of this species to utilize carbohydrates, therefore cost-effective feed can be used for its commercial production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Amylase
  • Protease
  • Digestive somatic index
  • Feeding habit
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