اثرات وابسته به اندازه و غلظت میکروپلاستیک پلی‌استایرن بر ژن‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی و ایمنی ماهی کاراس طلایی (Carasius )auratus

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تولید و بهره‌برداری آبزیان، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

2 نویسنده مسئول، گروه تولید و بهره‌برداری آبزیان، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد، ایران

4 گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد، ایران

5 گروه تولید و بهره‌برداری آبزیان، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

امروزه، آلودگی‌ پلاستیکی یکی از خطرناک ترین آلودگی های زیست محیطی محسوب می‌شود. در این خصوص، میکروپلاستیک‌ها ممکن است وارد شبکه غذایی شده و باعث بروز برخی اثرات منفی در آبزیان شوند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثرات میکروپلاستیک پلی‌استایرن بر بیان ژن‌های آنتی اکسیدانی و ایمنی در کاراس طلایی (Carasius auratus) انجام گرفت. بدین‌منظور، میکروپلاستیک پلی استایرن از طریق پلیمریزه شدن امولسیونی و تعلیقی در دو اندازه ۲۵/۰ و ۸ میکرومتر تهیه شد. ماهیان در غالب ۶ تیمار با اندازه‌های ۲۵/۰ و ۸ میکرومتر و غلظت‌های ۰۵/۰، ۵/۰ و ۵ میلی‌گرم بر لیتر میکروپلاستیک طی ۲۸ روز مواجه شدند. بر اساس نتایج، میکروپلاستیک پلی‌استایرن باعث القای بیان ژن‌های SOD، CAT و HSP70 شد که وابسته به غلظت و اندازه میکروپلاستیک بود. اندازه کوچکتر میکروپلاستیک اثر القایی بالاتری در بیان ژن‌های مورد بررسی نشان داد به‌نحوی‌که در بیشتر موارد بالاترین سطح در غلظت‌های مشابه در تیمارهای مواجهه یافته با میکروپلاستیک ۲۵/۰ میکرومتر مشاهده شد. با افزایش غلظت میکروپلاستیک از ۰۵/۰ تا ۵ میلی‌گرم بر لیتر، روند مشابه کاهشی-افزایشی در بیان ژن‌های مورد مطالعه مشاهده شد که البته رفتار ژن CAT قدری متفاوت بود. روی‌هم‌رفته با توجه به نتایج، می‌توان بیان داشت میکروپلاستیک پلی‌استایرن به‌ویژه در اندازه‌های پایین‌تر می‌تواند به عنوان یک آلاینده باعث تحریک سیستم آنتی-اکسیدانی و ایمنی ماهی کاراس طلایی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Dose- and size-dependent effects of polystyrene microplastic on antioxidant and immune genes of gold fish (Carasius auratus)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azim Liaghi 1
  • Hadise Kashiri 2
  • Ainaz Shirangi 3
  • Mohammad Gholizadeh 4
  • Safura Abarghuyi 5
1 Dept. of Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Corresponding Author, Dept. of Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
3 Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gonbad Kavus University, Gonbad, Iran.
4 Dept. of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavus University, Gonbad, Iran.
5 Dept. of Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, plastic pollution is regarded as one of the most threatening environmental pollution. In this regard, microplastics may enter the food web and produce some negative impacts in aquatics. The goal of the present study was to study effects of polystyrene microplastic on antioxidant and immune genes expressions in gold fish (Carasius aurata). For this, polystyrene microplastic was synthetized via suspension and emulsion polymerization method in two sizes of 0/25 and 8 µm. The fish were exposed to the microplastic with sizes of 0.25 and 8 µm and concentrations of 0.05, 0.5 and 5 mg/L during 28 days under 6 treatments. Based on the results, polystyrene microplastic induced gene expression of SOD, CAT and HSP70 that were dependent on the microplastic concentration and size. Smaller size of microplastic showed higher induction effect on the studied genes expressions so that in most cases, the highest level in the same concentrations was observed in the treatments exposed to 0.25 µm microplastic. With increase in microplastic concentration from 0.05 to 5 mg/L, a similar decreasing-increasing trend was observed in the investigated genes expressions but the CAT gene reaction was slightly different. Overall, more studies seem necessary to understand polystyrene microplastic effects on aquatics and its potential mechanisms. With respect to the results from the present study indicating the changes in antioxidant and immune genes expressions under microplastic exposure, establishing some strategies seem to be obligatory to manage the effluents entered to the aquatic ecosystems and prevent more microplastics increase in the environment. Totally, based on the results, it could be said that polystyrene microplastic as a pollutant can induce the antioxidant and immune system of gold fish.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gene expression
  • Gold fish (Carasius auratus)
  • Pollustion
  • Polystyrene microplastic

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مجله بهره برداری و پرورش آبزیان
دوره 11، شماره 4
دی 1401
صفحه 109-121

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