بررسی اثرات متغیرهای محیطی بر الگوی تنوع زیستی و پراکنش فصلی درشت بی‌مهرگان کفزی رودخانه شهرستانک

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه محیط زیست طبیعی و تنوع زیستی، دانشکده محیط زیست، سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست، کرج، ایران.

2 نویسنده مسئول، استادیار گروه محیط‌زیست دریایی، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست، کرج، ایران و گروه تنوع زیستی و ایمنی زیستی، پژوهشکده محیط‌زیست و ‏توسعه پایدار، سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه محیط‌زیست دریایی، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست، کرج، ایران و گروه تنوع زیستی و ایمنی زیستی، پژوهشکده محیط‌زیست و ‏توسعه پایدار، سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه محیط‌زیست طبیعی و تنوع زیستی، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست، کرج، ایران و گروه ارزیابی و مخاطرات محیط‌زیست، پژوهشکده محیط‌زیست و ‏توسعه پایدار، سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست، تهران، ایران

5 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه محیط‌زیست دریایی، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست، کرج، ایران

چکیده

درشت بیمهرگان کفزی آب‌های جاری تحت‌تاثیر محیط پیرامون خود بوده و پراکنش آن‌ها در زیستگاه متاثر از تغییرات فاکتورهای محیطی است. هدف این تحقیق بررسی تاثیر برخی فاکتورهای محیطی بر تنوع درشت بیمهرگان کفزی رودخانه شهرستانک بود. نمونه‌برداری از درشت بی مهرگان کفزی با استفاده از سوربر در شش ایستگاه (با چهار تکرار) در سال 1397 و در دو فصل بهار و پاییز با سنجش 10 متغیر محیطی انجام شد. در مجموع در فصل بهار 12 و در فصل پاییز 13 خانواده از درشت بی‌مهرگان کفزی شناسایی شد که لارو حشرات بیشترین فراوانی را داشتند. طبق نتایج، ایستگاه سه (میانه رودخانه) دارای بیشترین میزان فراوانی و خانواده های Heptageniidae و Baetidae نیز فراوانی بالایی داشتند. در فصل بهار بیشترین میزان تنوع، غالبیت و غنای گونه‌ای در ایستگاه چهار (پایین دست) و بیشترین میزان یکنواختی در ایستگاه شش (پایین‌دست) بود. بیشترین میزان تنوع، غالبیت و یکنواختی در فصل پاییز مربوط به ایستگاه یک (بالادست) و بیشترین میزان غنای گونه‌ای نیز در ایستگاه دو (میانه) بود. تغییرات متغیرهای محیطی مقاومت، هدایت‌الکتریکی و کل مواد جامد محلول (بهار)، دبی و ارتفاع (دو فصل) تفاوت معنی‌دار داشتند. همچنین فاکتورهای عرض، عمق، ارتفاع و سرعت جریان آب جزء فاکتورهای موثر بر فراوانی و ترکیب گونه‌ای درشت بی‌مهرگان کفزی بودند. به نظر می‌رسد فاکتورهای محیطی موثر در منطقه مورد مطالعه بر شرایط زیستگاهی، تنوع، فراوانی و ترکیب گونه‌ای اثرگذار بوده است. انجام این قبیل مطالعات ضمن درک نیازهای موجودات آبزی، به برنامه‌ریزی‌های حفاظتی موثر، تعیین حق‌آبه اکولوژیک و برداشت پایدار از منابع رودخانه کمک شایانی می‌نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the effects of environmental variables on biodiversity pattern and seasonal distribution of macroinvertebrates in Shahrestanak River

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahrzad Daneshfar 1
  • Javad Ramezani 2
  • Mohamamdreza Rahmani 3
  • Behzad Rayegani 4
  • Hanieh Soufi 5
1 M.Sc. Graduate, Dept. of Natural Environment and Biodiversity, College of Environment, Department of the Environment, Karaj, Iran
2 Corresponding Author, Assistant Prof., Dept. of Marine Environment, College of Environment, Karaj, Iran and Dept. of Biodiversity and Biosafety, Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development, Department of the Environment, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Marine Environment, College of Environment, Karaj, Iran and Dept. of Biodiversity and Biosafety, Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development, Department of the Environment, Tehran, Iran.
4 Associate Prof., Dept. of Natural Environment and Biodiversity, College of Environment, Karaj, Iran and Dept. of Environmental and Risk Assessment, Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development, Department of the Environment, Tehran, Iran.
5 M.Sc. Graduate, Dept. of Marine Environment, College of Environment, Department of the Environment, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Macroinvertebrates of running water are affected by their environment and their distribution in the habitat is affected by changes in environmental factors of the habitat. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of some environmental factors on the large diversity of benthic invertebrates in Shahrestanak River, Karaj. Sampling of benthic invertebrates was conducted using a sorber sampler at six stations (with four replications per station) in 1397 and in two seasons of spring and autumn by measuring 10 environmental variables. A total of 12 families of large benthic invertebrates were identified in spring and 13 in autumn, in which the larvae of aquatic insects had the highest frequency. According to the results, station three (middle of the river) had the highest frequency and also the families Heptageniidae and Baetidae had a high frequency. In spring, the highest diversity, dominance and species richness was in station four (downstream) and the highest uniformity was in station six (downstream). The highest amount of diversity, dominance and uniformity in autumn was related to station one (upstream of the river) and the highest amount of species richness was related to station two (middle). Changes in environmental variables of resistance, electrical conductivity and total soluble solids (spring), flow rate and height (two seasons) were significantly different. In addition to the mentioned variables, the factors of width, depth, height and speed of water flow were among the factors affecting the frequency and composition of large species of benthic invertebrates. It seems that effective environmental factors in the study area have affected habitat conditions, diversity, abundance and species composition. Conducting these studies, while understanding the needs of aquatic organisms, contributes to effective conservation planning, determination of appropriate ecological water rights and sustainable abstraction of river resources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Macroinvertebrate
  • َAquatic insects
  • Bioindicators

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مجله بهره برداری و پرورش آبزیان
دوره 11، شماره 4
دی 1401
صفحه 43-59

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