ارزیابی صید و ذخایر کیلکای معمولی Clupeonella cultriventris caspiaدر سواحل ایرانی دریای خزر (98-1397)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشکده اکولوژی دریای خزر- کارشناس مدیریت ذخایر - ساری

2 رئیس بخش بیولوژی و ارزیابی ذخایر، پژوهشکده اکولوژی دریای خزر

3 موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور

4 کارشناس، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور

چکیده

در این تحقیق تغییرات صید، زیتوده کیلکای معمولی و سقف قابل برداشت این ماهی در سواحل ایرانی دریای خزرطی سالهای 1397 و 1398 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. میزان صید کیلکا در کل سواحل ایرانی دریای خزر در سال 1397 معادل 26153 تن بوده که با 6 در صد کاهش به 24586 تن در سال 1398 رسیده است. میزان صید در واحد تلاش بترتیب 785/2 و 722/2 تن بازاء هر شناور در هر شب بوده است. میانگین طول چنگالی ماهی(± انحراف معیار) کیلکای معمولی جمعا 6/10±3/104 میلیمتر، حداقل و حداکثر طول چنگالی بترتیب 5/52 و 5/137 میلیمتر بوده است و همواره ماهیان با گروه سنی3 و 4 سال بترتیب با 1/78 و 6/80 درصد بیشترین فراوانی را داشته اند. میزان ذخایر این گونه در سالهای 1397 و 1398 بترتیب حدود 9/76922 و7/74342 تن برآورد شد و ماهیان 3 ساله بیشترین میزان ذخایر را داشتند (بترتیب 6/24677 و 8/24254 تن) میزان زیتوده مولدین این گونه بترتیب برابر 4/39557 و 4/36939 تخمین زده شد. نسبت زیتوده مولدین به کل نیز بترتیب 4/51 و 6/49 در صد بود. میزان صید بیولوژیک قابل قبول این ماهی با رویکرد احتیاطی 19500 تن برآورد شد. میزان مرگ و میر صیادی در جمعیت این ماهی بیش از نقاط مرجع بیولوژیک در دو نقطه F0.1 و F40% ( 92/0 و 80/0 ) بوده که به معنی آن است صید بیش از حد رخ داده است . بهره برداری بهینه از ذخایر این گونه به برداشت مستمر و پایداری ذخیره در دراز مدت منجر میشود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of catch and stocks of common kilka Clupeonella cultriventris caspia in the Iranian coastal of the Caspian Sea (2018-19)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Aliasghar Janbaz 1
  • hassan fazli 2
  • Mohammadali Afraei 3
  • faramarz bagherzadeh afroozi 4
  • Gholameza razeghian 3
  • kambiz khedmati 3
1 caspian sea ecology research - stock assessment- sari
2 Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
3 Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
4 پژوهشکده اکولوژی دریای خزر
چکیده [English]

The main objectives of the present study were to estimate of catch age structure ، biomass and maximum sustainable yield of common kilka in Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea. The result shown that catch of kilka in Iranian coastal in 2018 decreased from 26153 ton to 24586 ton in 2019. The mean length was 104.3±10.6 at the same time and‌ the minimum and maximum fork lengths were 52.5 and 137.5 mm and always fishes with 3 and 4 year olds had the highest frequency‌ 78.1 and 80.6 percent respectively. The biomass of common kilka was estimated 76922.9 and 74342.7 ton, respectively. In these years, fish of the 3 year of this fish had the highest amount of reserves (respectively 24677.6 and 24254.8 ton) and the lowest reserves for 6-year-old fish, respectively. The breeders biomass of this species is 39557.4 and 36939.4 tons respectively and the ratio of biomass of broodstocks to the whole was 51.4 and 49.6 percent respectively. Acceptable Biological Catch was estimated 19500 tons , with a very cautious approach. The fishing mortality was more than reference points of common kilka at F0.1 and F40% (0.92 and 0.80) , In fact overfishing has occurred . Proper exploiting leads to continuous harvest and long-term stability of storage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "kilka fishes"
  • " Biomass"
  • "Acceptable Biological Catch"
  • "Caspian Sea"

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مجله بهره برداری و پرورش آبزیان
دوره 10، شماره 3
مهر 1400
صفحه 15-25

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