تحلیلی بر اشتغال و فرصت‌های کسب و کارهای شیلاتی ایران و جهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار گروه فرآوری محصولات شیلاتی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان

چکیده

برآورد اشتغال شیلات با توجه به گستره، پیچیدگی و تنوع فعالیت ها در طول زنجیره ارزش محصولات آن مشکل است. در طول این زنجیره در جهان حدود 140 میلیون نفر شغل برآورد می شود. علاوه بر کارگران بی‌شمار در صید غیرقانونی و گزارش نشده،59.6 میلیون نفر به طور مستقیم در این صنعت کار می کنند و معیشت 880 میلیون نفر در جهان نیز بستگی به این زیربخش دارد. در ایران نیز شیلات بیشترین ظرفیت و رشد اشتغال را در بین بخش کشاورزی داشته و بالغ بر 229 هزار نفر در بخش تولیدات اولیه آن مشغولند. با مروری بر وضعیت اشتغال، مخاطرات آن و محاسبه رشد اشتغال، تولید و سرانه آن در دوره 16 ساله منتهی به سال 1395 مشخص گردید که این شاخص ها در ایران بالاتر از شاخص های جهانی است. اشتغال در مجموع 8/2 درصد و در آبزی‌پروری 1/8 درصد رشد نشان می دهد. در سال 1395 سرانه تولید ایران و جهان به ترتیب 9/4 و 8/2 بوده است و به ازای هر 900 میلیون ریال در کشور یک شغل مستقیم ایجاد شده است. در حال حاضر، توجه به فرصت های کسب و کار شیلات، پایداری و ایمنی شغلی از مهم‌ترین مسایل قابل توجه در ایران است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An analysis of employment and fisheries businesses opportunities in the Iran and world

نویسنده [English]

  • Afshin Adeli
Associate Prof., Dept. of Fish Processing, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

Estimating fishery employment is difficult due to the extension, complexity of various activities throughout the value chain of fishery products. Throughout this chain, around 140 million jobs are estimated in the world. In addition to many illegal, unreported and unregulated workers, 59.6 million people work directly, with 880 million people living in the world dependent on this section. Iranian fisheries have the highest capacity and employment growth among the agricultural sector, with a total employment of 229,000 people in the primary production. The survey of employment status, its risks and calculation of employment growth, production and per capita over the 16-year period ended in 1395 showed that these indeces in Iran are higher than global indeces. Employment in total is 2.8% and in aquaculture, a growth of 8.1%, respectively. In 1395, Iran and the world's production per capita were 4.9 and 2.8 respectively, and for each 900 million rials a direct job was created. At the present, attention to fisheries opportunities, sustainability and job safety is one of the most important issues in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Employment growth
  • Production per capita
  • Business
  • Occupational hazards
  • Fisheries

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مجله بهره برداری و پرورش آبزیان
دوره 9، شماره 1
فروردین 1399
صفحه 1-13

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