مروری بر معرفی باکتری‌های آزادکننده فسفر موثر بر ترکیبات فسفر آلی رسوبات استخرهای پرورش ماهیان گرمابی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه علوم و مهندسی شیلات، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور

2 استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی شیلات، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور

3 دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور، کرج

چکیده

تولیدات ماهیان گرمابی در کشور به تنهایی نیمی از محصولات آبزی‏پروری را به خود اختصاص داده است و یکی از مهمترین عوامل پیشرفت این صنعت در کشور محسوب می‌شود. تغذیه و رشد ماهیان گرمابی به شکل مستقیم و غیر مستقیم به تولیدات اولیه استخرها وابسته است. فسفر یکی از مهمترین عوامل تاثیرگذار بر تولیدات اولیه در استخرهای پرورش ماهیان گرمابی محسوب می‌شود اما در عین حال بدلیل عدم دسترسی تولید‌کنندگان اولیه به این عنصر حیاتی، به عنوان یکی از بزرگترین عوامل محدود‌کننده تولید نیز شناخته می‌شود. با توجه به نوع شرایط مدیریتی حاکم بر این گونه استخرها از قبیل کوددهی آلی، غذادهی، ورود انواع مواد آلی از طریق آب ورودی و عدم لایروبی سالانه، میزان بار آلی رسوبات بسیار بالا می‏باشد و فسفر آلی نامحلول بخش بزرگی از فسفر کل موجود در این اکوسیستم‌ها را تشکیل می‌دهد. امروزه یکی از مهم‌ترین رویکردهای نوین برای افزایش میزان فسفر محلول در آب با استفاده از منابع فسفر آلی نامحلول موجود در رسوبات، استفاده از باکتری‌های آزادکننده فسفر می‌باشد. این باکتری‌ها با مکانیسم‌های متنوعی از قبیل ترشح آنزیم‌ها اقدام به انحلال ترکیبات فسفر آلی نامحلول مختلف موجود در رسوبات می‌نمایند. هدف از این مطالعه معرفی و بررسی چالش‌های پیش‌روی انتخاب و استفاده از باکتری‌های آزادکننده فسفر موثر بر ترکیبات فسفر آلی نامحلول موجود در رسوبات است زیرا انتخاب صحیح نوع منبع فسفر نامحلول مورد استفاده در طول فرآیند جداسازی این باکتری‌ها می‌تواند گامی موثر در جهت بهبود عملکرد باکتری‌های معرفی شده (در قالب کودهای زیستی) برای استفاده در استخرهای پرورش ماهیان گرمابی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review on Introducing Phosphorus Releasing Bacteria Affecting Organic Phosphorus Compounds in Warm Water Fishponds Sediments

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahed Arjmand 1
  • Nematollah Mahmoudi 2
  • Alireza Fallah Nosratabad 3
1 M.Sc. Student, Dept. of Fisheries Sciences and Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
2 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Fisheries Sciences and Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
3 Associate Prof. of Soil and Water Research Institute (SWRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj
چکیده [English]

The production of warm water fishes in the country accounts for half of the aquaculture products and is one of the most important factors in the development of this industry in the country. Nutrition and growth of these fish are directly and indirectly dependent on the primary production of the ponds. Phosphorus is one of the most important factors affecting primary production in warm water fish ponds but is also one of the major limiting factors of production due to the lack of access by primary producers to this critical element. Because of the type of management conditions governing these ponds, such as organic fertilization, feeding, entry of various organic matter through inlet water and lack of annual dredging, the organic load of sediments is very high and insoluble organic phosphorus forms a large part of total phosphorus in this ecosystems. Today, one of the most important approaches to increase the amount of water-soluble phosphorus using insoluble organic phosphorus sources in sediments is the use of phosphorus-releasing bacteria (PRB). These bacteria dissolve various insoluble organic phosphorus compounds in sediments by various mechanisms, such as secretion of enzymes. The purpose of this study is to introduce and investigate the challenges facing the selection and use of phosphorus-releasing bacteria affecting insoluble organic phosphorus compounds in sediments. Because choosing the right type of insoluble phosphorus source used in the isolation process of these bacteria can be an effective step to improve the performance of introduced bacteria (as biological fertilizers) for use in warm water fish ponds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phosphorus releasing bacteria
  • Insoluble organic phosphorus Compounds
  • sediment of Warm-water fishponds
  • Biofertilizer

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مجله بهره برداری و پرورش آبزیان
دوره 9، شماره 3
مهر 1399
صفحه 43-53

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