The effect some growth factors of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758) of feeding with different sources of zinc and iron (Nano-particles)

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 1Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University

2 Dept. of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran

3 M.Sc. Graduate, Dept. of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad kavous University

4 Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources

5 Associate Prof., Dept. of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources

Abstract

In this study, The effect some growth factors of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) of feeding with different sources of zinc and iron (Nano-particles) was investigated. For this purpose, 420 specimens (with an initial average weight of 7.4 ± 45 g) were prepared. Fishes were sterilized and adapted to the laboratory conditions for 10 days. Then, fish were randomly divided into seven groups. The first group was considered as control and other groups received 10, 50 and 100 µg of iron and zinc nanoparticles per gram of diet for 75 days, respectively. The results of biometry showed that the fish fed with nanoparticles had better growth indicators than fish of control group. Also, improvement of growth indicators in fish fed with zinc was concentration-dependent, so that the greatest increase in growth factors was related to the zinc concentration (100 µg per g), but this finding was not observed in the fish fed with iron. The results showed that the adding of iron and zinc Nano-particles in the diet may play an important role in increasing and improving growth factors of Common carp.

Keywords

References

1.Akrami, R., Gholichi, A., and Manochehri, H. 2010. The effect of inulin as probiotics on growth performance and survival of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J. Marin. Sci. Technol. Res. Number autumn, Pp: 9-1.
2.Amar, E.C., Kiron, V., Satoh, S.,and Watanabe, T. 2004. Enhancementof innate immunity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) associated with dietary intake of carotenoids from natural products. Fish & shellfish immunology, 16: 4. 527-537.‏
3.Anderson, D.M., and Morel, F.M.1978. Copper sensitivity of Gonyaulax tamarensis. Limnology and Oceanography, 23: 283-295.
4.Aoki, T. 1992. Chemotherapy anddrug resistance in fish farms in japan.In: Shariff M., Subasighe, R.P., and Arthure J.R. (Eds), Diseases in Asian Aquaculture. Fish Health Section, Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines,1: 519-529.
5.Ashouri, S., Keyvanshokooh, S., Salati, A.P., Johari, S.A., and Pasha-Zanoosi, H. 2015. Effects of different levels of dietary selenium nanoparticles on growth performance, muscle composition, blood biochemical profiles and antioxidant status of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Aquaculture, 446: 25-29.
6.Balon, E.K. 2006. The oldest domesticated fishes and the consequences of an epigenetic dichotomy in fish culture. J. Ichthyol. Aqua. Biol. 11: 47-86.
7.Behara, T., Swain, P., Rangachrulu, P.V., and Samanta, M. 2013. Nano-Fe as feed additive improves the hematological and immunological parameters if fish, Labeo rohita H. J. Appl. Nanosci. 13: 251-258.
8.Castro, A.V., Mendonca, B.B., Bloise, W., Shuhama, T., and Brandao-Neto, J. 2002. Zink supplemention doesnot inhibit basal and metoclopramide- stimulated prolactinemia secretion in healthy men,J. Traceelements Med. Biol. 16: 69-73.
9.Chesters, J.K. 1991. Trace element-gene interactions with particular referenceto zinc. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 50: 123-129.
10.Chow, C.K., and Tappel, A.L. 1974. Response of glutathione peroxidase to dietary of selenium in rats. J. Nutr.
104: 444-451.
11.Di Mohammadi, F., Tokmehchi, A., Farrokhi, F., and Ehsani, A. 2013. Nutritional effects of silver nanoparticles and selenium on growth of rainbow trout. J. Physiol. Biotechnol. Aquacul.1: 2. 80-71.
12.Fadayifar, A., Aliarabi, H., Tabatabaei, M.M., Zamani, P., Bahari, A.A., Malecki, M., and Dezfoulian, A.H. 2012. Improvement in lamb performance on barley based diet supplemented with zinc. Livestock Science, 144: 285-289.
13.Gatlin, D.M., and Wilson, R.P. 1986. Characterization of iron deficiencyand the dietary iron requirement of fingerling channel catfish. Aquaculture. 52: 191-198.
14.Gatlin, I.D.M., and Wilson, R.P.1986. Dietary copper requirement of fingerling channel cat fish. Aquaculture, 54: 277-285.
165.Ghaedi, M., Shokrollahi, A., Kianfar,A. H., Pourfarokhi, A., Khanjari, N., Mirsadeghi, A.S., and Soylak, M. 2009. Preconcentration and separation of trace amount of heavy metal ions on bis(2-hydroxy acetophenone) ethylendiimine loaded on activated carbon. J. Hazard. Mater. 162: 1408-1414.
16.Ghelichi, A., Akrami, R., Bandani, G., and Jorjani, S. 2009. Reproductive biology of female mature common carp in southeast of Caspian sea (Miankaleh). Iran. J. Natur. Resour. 3: 197-208.
17.Ghobadi, S.H., Rajabi Eslami, H., Hosseini, M., and Palangi, L. 2014. The effects of different levels of nanoparticles of iron (Fe) on growth factors and feeding rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J. Reprod. Aquacul. 3: 9. 82-67.
18.Greff, R., Minamitake, Y.M., Peracchia, T., Trubetskoy, V., Torchilin, V., Langer, R. 1994. Biodegradable longcirculating polymeric nanosghere. s. Science, 263: 1600-1603.
19.Hajirahimi, A., Farrokhi, F., and Tokmehchi, A. 2015. The effect of iron oxide nanoparticles and zinc on liver and muscle tissue in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), 3: 293-306.
20.Halver, J.E., and Hardly, R.W. 1989. The vitamins In: Fish Nutrition. Halver J.E. (ed.), Academic press, New York, USA, Pp: 31-109.
21.Hirao, S., Yamada, J., and Kikuchi, R. 1955. Relation between chemical constituents of rainbow trout eggs and the hatching rate. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 21: 240-243.
22.Huber, D.L. 2005 Synthesis, properties, and applications of iron nanoparticles. Small. 1: 482-501.
23.Irianto, A., and Austin, B. 2002. Probiotic in aquaculture. J. Fish Dis.25: 1-10.
24.Jahanshahi, M., and Mirniya, S.2012. Nano-toxicity, health and environmental issues. Babol University Press, Pp: 24-25.
25.Kiron, V., Gunji, A., Okamoto, N., Satoh, S., Ikeda, Y., and Watanabe, T. 1993. Dietary nutrient dependentvariations on natural-killer activity of the leucocytes of rainbow trout. Fish Pathology, 28: 71-76.
26.Krishna, R., Raghupathi, R.T.K., and Adhar, C.M. 2011. Size-Dependent Bacterial Growth Inhibition and Mechanism of Antibacterial Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles. Langmuir, 27: 4020-4028.
27.Lah, S.P. 2000. Nutrition and health of fish. In: Cruz-Suarez, L.E., Ricque-Marie, D., Tapia-Salazar, M., Olvera-Novoa, M.A.Y., Civera-Cerecedo, R., (Eds.). Avances en Nutricion Acuicola V. Memorias del V Simposium Internacional de Nutricion Acuicola,Pp: 19-22.
28.Lorens, A., Lloret, E., Picouet, P.A., Trbojevich, R., and Fernandez, A. 2012. Metallic-based micro and nanocomposites in food contact materials and active food packaging. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 24: 19-29.
29.Louei Monfared, A., and Soltani, S. 2013. Effects of silver nano particles administration on the liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): histological and biochemical studies. Europ. J. Exp. Biol. 3: 2. 285-289.
30.Ma, Z., Merkus, H.G., de Smet, J.G., Heffels, C., and Scarlett, B. 2000. New developments in particle characterization by laser diffraction: size and shape. Powder Technology, 111: 1-2. 66-78.‏
31.Mortimer, M., Kasemets, K., and Kahru, A. 2010. Toxicity of ZnO andCuO nanoparticles to ciliated protozoa Tetrahymena thermophila. Toxicology, 269: 182-189.
32.Naser, N., Lall, S.P., Brown, L., and Olivier, G. 1998. Role of dietary iron in immune response and disease resistance in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. World Aquaculture. 98: 447.
33.Niederberger, M., and Pinna, N. 2009. Metal oxide nanoparticles in organic solvents: synthesis, formation, assembly and application. Springer Science & Business Media.
34.Ogino, C., and Yang, G.Y. 1978. Requirement of rainbow trout fordietary zinc. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 44: 1015-1018.
35.Onyenmachi, J., Afonne, O.J., Orisakwe, O.E., Ekanem, I.O.A., and Akumka, D.D. 2002. Zinc protects chromium-Induced testicular injury in mice. Ind. J. Pharmacol. 34: 26-31.
36.Poston, H.A., Combs Jr, G.F., and Leibovitz, L. 1976. Vitamin E and selenium interrelations in the diet of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): gross, histological and biochemical deficiency signs. J. Nutr. 106: 892-904.
37.Prochorov, A.M., Pavlov, G.V., and Okpattah, G.A.C. 2002. The effect of nano-disprse iton on the biological parameters of fish. 10th foresight conference on molecular Nanotechnology.
38.Rahmati Andani, H.R., Tukmechi, A., Meshkini, S., and Ebrahimi, H. 2011. Enhancement of rainbow trout resistant against Aeromonas hydrophyla and Yersinia ruckeri with isolated Lactobacilli from common carp intestine. Iran. J. Vet. Med. 7: 26-35.
39.Rather, M.A., Sharma, R., Aklakur, M., Ahmad, S., Kumar, M., Khan, M.,and Ramya, V.I. 2011. Nanotechnology: A Novel Tool for Aquaculture and Fisheries Development. A Prospective Mini-Review. Fish. Aquacul. J. 16: 1-5.
40.Rather, M.A., Sharma, R., and Aklakur, M. 2011. Nanotechnology: A Novel Tool for Aquaculture and Fisheries Development. A Prospective Mini-Review. Aquaculture. 23: 12-25.
41.Roussel, A.M., Facn, A.K., Zouari, N., Mahjoub, S., Matheau, J.M., and Anderson, R.A. 2003. Antioxidant Effects of Zinc Supplementation in Tunisians With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J. Amer. College Nutr.22: 316-321.
42.Saravanan, M., Kumar, K.P., and Ramesh, M. 2011. Haematological and Biochemical responses of freshwater teleost fish Cyprinus carpio (Actinoptertgii: Cypriniformes) during acute and chronic sublethal exposure to lindane. Pesticide Biochemistry and physiology, 100: 206-211.
43.Satoh, S., Takeuchi, T., and Watanabe, T. 1987. Availability to RainbowTrout of Zinc in White Fish Meal and
of Various Zinc Compounds. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 53: 595-599.
44.Schilling, K., Bradfor, B., Castelli, D., Dufour, E., Nash, J.F., Pape, W., Schulte, S., Tooley, I., Van den Bosch, J., and Schellauf, F. 2010. Humansafety review of ״nano״ titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences, 9: 495-509.
45.Turkmen, M., Turkmen, A., Tepe,Y., Ates, A., and Gokkus, K. 2008. Determination of metal contaminations in sea foods from Marmara, Aegeanand Mediterranean seas: Twelve fish species, Food Chemistry, 108: 794-800.
46.Vangen, B., and Hemre, G.I. 2003. Dietary carbohydrate, iron and zinc interactions in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Aquacultre. 219: 597-611.
47.Wagermann, R., and Muir, D.C.G. 1984. Concentration of heavy metals and organochlorine in marine mammals of northern waters overview and evaluation. Canadian Bulletin of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, No 1279.
48.Watanabe, T., Kiron, V., and Satoh, S.H. 1997. Trace minerals in fish nutrition Aquaculture, 151: 185-207.
49.Wekell, J.C., Shearer, K.D., and Houle, C.R. 1983. High zinc supplementation of rainbow trout diets. Progresive in Fish Culture, 45: 144-147.
50.Who. 1995. Health risks from marin pollution in the Mediterranean. Part 1 Implications for Policy Makers, 255p.
51.Wong, S.W., Leung, P.T., Djurisic, A.B., and Leung, K.M. 2010. Toxicities of nano zinc oxide to five marine organisms: in fluencies of aggregatesize and ion solubility. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 396: 609-618.
52.Zhou, X., Wang, Y., Gu, Q., and Li, W. 2009. Effects of different dietary selenium sources (selenium nanoparticle and selenomethionine) on growth performance, muscle composition and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity of crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Aquaculture, 291: 1. 78-81.‏
Journal of Utilization and Cultivation of Aquatics
Volume 9, Issue 3
December 2020
Pages 109-121

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics