Investigating changes in some oxidative stress indicators in blood, mucus, brain, liver and gills of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) anesthetized with clove essential oil

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 Corresponding Author, Dept. of Aquatic Sciences, Hamoun International Wetland Institute, Research Institute of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.

2 Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture Institute, Research Institute of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

Abstract

The use of anesthesia is a common practice in aquaculture to sedate fish and mitigate handling stress. Although the employ of anesthesia is considered beneficial for fish, as it reduces stress and improves welfare, at the same time it may induce hazardous side-effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate anesthesia by clove (Eugenia cairyophillata) essential oil on oxidative stress parameters in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In the first experiment, times of sedation, loss of equiblarium, induction, return of equiblarium and recovery from anesthesia were determined in the fish anesthetized with clove essential oil at the concentrations of 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 and ppm. In the second experiment, oxidative stress effects of clove essential oil were investigated in the fish after at 0 and 24 h after induction anesthesia. After induction of anesthesia, sampling of tissues (gill, brain, liver, blood and mucus) of 10 fish was done at 0 (10 minutes after anesthesia) and 24 hours after anesthesia. The samples were analyzed to evaluate the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The results showed that anesthesia with clove essential oil did not cause significant changes in the activity of SOD and GPx enzymes in different tissues of fish. However, in some tissues, there were limited changes in the concentration of CAT enzyme due to anesthesia. Based on this, the concentration of 50 ppm of clove essential oil can be introduced as a suitable anesthetic in terms of not inducing oxidative stress in rainbow salmon. Considering that the changes in the concentrations of SOD, GPx and CAT in mucus and blood were mainly in line with the changes in other fish tissues (brain, liver and gills), non-invasive sampling (sampling of blood and mucus tissues) can be suggested to evaluate oxidative stress in fish anesthesia studies.

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References

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Journal of Utilization and Cultivation of Aquatics
Volume 13, Issue 4
January 2025
Pages 131-152

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