Reducing stress during transportation of sea carp fry (Cyprinus carpio) using different levels of sodium chloride salt

Document Type : scientific research article

Authors

1 M.Sc. Student of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

2 Corresponding Author, Professor, Dept. of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

3 Associate Prof., Dept. of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

4 Ph.D. Student of Aquatic Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

Abstract

For this research, 240 pieces of sea carp fry (with an average weight of 5±1g) were transported in 4 different salinity treatments of 0, 1, 3 and 6 g/l in three replicates (in plastic bags) for one hour. In order to check the blood parameters of the baby fish at the end of the experiment, blood was taken from the samples by cutting the tail stem. According to the results of measuring some biochemical parameters of blood serum, the amount of total protein did not show a significant difference between different treatments (P>0.05), but the amount of glucose and cortisol showed a significant decrease in saline treatments compared to the control (P<0.05). The results of measuring liver enzymes in the amount of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase showed no significant difference between different treatments (P>0.05). The results of measuring some blood hematology factors also indicated no significant difference in the number of red and white blood cells, hematocrit percentage and hemoglobin level in the treatments. (P>0.05). In general, it can be said that Fewer stress indicators were observed in the transported fish treated with 3 grams of salt per liter.

Keywords

Main Subjects


1.Jafari, V. A., Nourqholipour, S., Imanpour, M. R., & Hoseinifar, S. H. (2020). Effects of different levels of the amino acid glycine on growth indices, feed intake, survival rate and salinity stress resistance in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Journal of Animal Environment. Eleventh Year. 2, 197-204. 2.Rohi, Z., Imanpour, M. R., & Javadi Mosavi, M. (2015). The effect of peppermint emulsion (Carvon) and methyl-salicylate on anesthesia of white fish (Rutilus frisii kutum). Journal of Animal Research. 28 (4), 450-456. 3.Mortazavizadeh, S. A., Peyghan, R., & Youneszadeh, M. (2012). Appropriate concentration of anesthetic drug propofel in barney fish (Barbus sharperyi). Scientific Journal of Iranian Fisheries. 21 (2), 133-142. 4.Hashemi, M., Sajadi, M., Kamrani, A., & Emdadi, B. (2012). The effect of using zeolite and clove essential oil during the transportation of rainbow trout on survival and water quality factors, Journal of Aquaculture. 1 (2), 97-112.5.Jafari, V., & Rezaea, M. (2021). Investigating the relationship between food additives and fish stress, Journal of Aquaculture. 11 (2), 11-35.6.Hoseini, M., Majidiyan, N., Taheri Mirghaed, A., Hoseinifar, S. H., & Van Doan, H. (2022). Dietary glycine supplementation alleviates transportation-induced stress in common carp, Cyprinus carpio, Aquaculture. 551, 737959.7.Pakhira, T. S., Nagesh, T. J., Abraham, G., & Dash, S. Behera. (2015). Stress responses in rohu, Labeo rohita transported at different densities, Aquac. 2, 39-45.8.Favero, G. C., Silva, Wd. Se., Boaventura, T. P., Paes Leme Fd. O., & Luz, R. K. (2019). Eugenol or salt to mitigate stress during the transport of juvenile Lophiosilurus alexandri, a Neotropical carnivorous freshwater catfish, Aquaculture, 512, Article 734321.9.Freitas Souza, C. D., Dellaméa Baldissera, M., Baldisserotto, B., Heinzmann, B. M., Martos-Sitcha, A. J., & Mancera, J. M. (2019). Essential Oils as Stress-Reducing Agents for Fish Aquaculture: A Review. Front. Physiol. Aquatic Physiology.
10, 785.10.Brick, M. E., & Cech, J. J. (2002). Metabolic responses of juvenile striped bass to exercise and handling stress with various recovery environments. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 131 (5), 855-864.11.Carmichael, G. J. (1984). Long distance truck transport of intensively reared largemouth bass. The Progressive Fish-Culturist. 46 (2), 111-115.12.Keyhani, S. H., Hoseinifard, M., & Ghasemnejad, H. (2013). Investigating the effect of aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic extract and essential oil of lark plant (Pterocarya fraxinifolia) as an anesthetic on common carp, Quarterly Journal of Propagation and Aquaculture Sciences. 1 (2), 71-78.13.Dobsikova, R., Svobodova, Z., Blahova, J., Modra, H., & Velisek, J. (2009). The effect of transport on biochemical and haematological indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Czech J. Animal Sciences. 54, 510-518. 14.Klontz, G. W. (1994). Fish hematology. In: Techniques in fish immunology. Stolen, J. S., Fletcher, T. C., Rowley, A. F., Kelikoff, T. C., Kaatari, S. L. & Smith, S. A. (eds). SOS Publications, Fair Haven, New Jersey, USA. 3, 121-132.15.Rehulka, J. (2000). Influence of astaxanthin on growth rate, condition, and some blood indices of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture. 190, 27-47. 16.Ameri Mahabadi, M. (1999). Laboratory methods of veterinary hematology, Publishing and Printing Institute, University of Tehran. 126.17.Asahina, K., Kanbegawa, A., & Higashi, T. (1995). Development of a micrititer plate enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for 17a, 20h-21-trihydroxy-4-pregnen-l-one, a teleost gonadal steroid. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 61, 491-494. 18.Tomas, L. (1998). Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st ed. Frankfurt: TH-Books Verlagesellschaft, 1526.19.da Silva, E., Moraes, A. V. de Pereira, M. d. O., Bittencourt, M., Weber, R. A., & Jatobá, A. (2022). Autochthonous and allochthonous dietary probiotics mitigate acute stress in Astyanax bimaculatus during transport, Aquac. 53, 3253-3256.20.Hoseini, M., Gupta, S., Yousefi, M., Vladimirovich Kulikov, E., Drukovsky, S., Petrov, A., Taheri Mirghaed, A., Hoseinifar, S. H., & Van Doan, H. (2022). Mitigation of transportation stress in common carp, Cyprinus carpio, by dietary administration of turmeric, Aquaculture. 546, 73-80.21.Taheri Mirghaed, A., & Ghelichpour, M. (2019). Effects of anesthesia and salt treatment on stress responses, and immunological and hydromineral characteristics of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758) subjected to transportation, Aquaculture. 501, 1-6.22.Boaventura, T. P., Souza, C. F., Ferreira, A. L., Favero, G. C., Baldissera, M. D., Heinzmann, B. M., Baldisserotto, B., & Luz, R. K. (2020). Essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum (Linnaeus, 1753) as anesthetic for Lophiosilurus alexandri: Induction, recovery, hematology, biochemistry and oxidative stress, Aquaculture, 529, Article 735676.23.Santos, E. L. R., Rezende, F. P., & Moron, S. E. (2020). Stress-related physiological and histological responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) to transportation in water with tea tree and clove essential oil anesthetics, Aquaculture, 523, Article 735164.24.Ferreira, A. L., Favero, G. C., Boaventura, T. P., de Freitas Souza, C., Ferreira, N. S., Descovi, S. N., Baldisserotto, B., Heinzmann, B. M., & Luz, R. K. (2021). Essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum (Linnaeus, 1753): efficacy for anesthesia and transport of Oreochromis niloticus. Fish. Physiol. Biochem. 47, 135-152.25.Gomes, L., Chagas, E. C., Brinn, R. Roubach, R. P., Coppati, C. E., & Baldisserotto, B. (2006). Use of salt during transportation of air breathing pirarucu juveniles (Arapaima gigas) in plastic bags, Aquaculture, 256, 521-528.26.Biswal, A., Srivastava, P. P., Pal, P., Gupta, S., Varghese, T., & Jayant, M. (2021). A multi-biomarker approach to evaluate the effect of sodium chloride in alleviating the long-term transportation stress of Labeo rohita fingerlings, Aquaculture, 531, Article 735979.27.Harmon, T. S. (2009). Methods for reducing stressors and maintaining water quality associated with live fish transport in tanks: a review of the basics, Rev. Aquac. 1, 58-66.28.Tatina, M., Bahmani, M., Soltani, M., Abtahi, B., & Gharibkhani, M. (2010). Effects of different levels of dietary vitamins C and E on some of hematological and biochemical parameters of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus), Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 5 (1), 1-11.29.Dobsíková, R., Svobodová, Z.,Blahová, J., Modrá, H., & Velísek, J. (2006). Stress Response to Long Distance Transportation of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Acta Vet. Brno. 75, 437-448.30.Hoseinjanzade, S., Shabani, A., Imanpour, M., & Hoseinifar, S. H. (2016). The effects of adding table salt during transportation stress on blood parameters, biochemical parameters of blood serum and skin mucus in white fish (Rutilus frisii kutum), government - Ministry of Science, Research and Technology - Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources - [dissertation Masters].31.Yousefi, M., Hoseini, S. M., Weber da Silva, C. R. A. E., Rajabiesterabadi, H., Arghideh, M., & Hosseinpour Delavar, F. (2022). Alleviation of transportation-induced stress in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, using brackish water, Aquaculture Reports. 27, 101378.32.Orum, I. M., & Dorucu, H. Y. (2003). Haematological parameters of three cyprinidae fish species from karakaya Darn Lake, Turkey. Online Journal of Bio1ogical Science. 3 (3), 320-328.33.Lupi, P., Vigiani, V., & Mecatti, M. (2006). Contribution to the definition of metabolic profile of farmed rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss). Italian Journal of Animal Science, 5, 63-71. 34.Firouzbakhsh, F., Abedi, Z., Rahmani, H., & Khalesi, M. K. (2013). A comparative study of some blood factors in male and female Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) broodstock from the southern basin of the Caspian Sea. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 37, 320-325.35.Shakori, M., & Abdali, S. (2017). Investigating the effect of lead toxicity on some biochemical parameters of the blood of farmed phytophagous fish, Research Journal of Marine Sciences and Techniques. 12 (1), 1-12.36.Adhama, K., Khairallaa, A., Abu-Shabanaa, M., Abdel-Maguida N., & Abdel-Moneim, A. (1997). Environmental stress in lake maryut and physiological response of Tilapia zilli. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. 32, 2585-2598. 37.Gutter, A. S., & Pankhurst, N. W. (2000). The effects of capture, handling, confinement and ectoparasite load on plasma levels of cortisol, glucose and lactate in the coral reef fish Hemigymnus melapterus. Fishbiology. 57 (2), 391-401.38.Jeney, G., Galeotti, M., Volpatti, D., Geny, Z., & Anderson, D. P. (1997). Prevention of stress in rainbow trout (Oncorhunchusmikiss) fed diets containing different doses of glucan. Aquaculture. 154, 1-15.39.Parodi, T. V., Cunha, M. A., Becker, A. G., Zeppenfeld, C. C., Martins, D. I., Koakoski, G., Barcellos, L. G., Heinzmann, B. M., & Baldisserotto, B. (2014). Anesthetic activity of the essential oil of Aloysiatriphylla and effectiveness in reducing stress during transport of albino and gray strains of silver catfish (Rhamdiaquelen).
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry
. 40 (2), 323-334.40.Makvandi, H., Khodadadi, M., Keyvanshokoh, S., & Mohammadi Makvandi, Z. (2012). Effect of salinity stress on cortisol hormone and glucose in Grass carp fingerlings (Ctenopharyngodon idella), Journal of Aquatic Animals and Fisheries.41.Ahmed, H., Sherif, Elsayed, A., Eldessouki, Nader, M. Sabry, & Nadia, G. (2022). The protective role of iodine and MS-222 against stress response and bacterial infections during Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) transportation, Aquaculture International. 31, 401-416.42.Hamedi, Sh., Rahimi, R., Nafisibahabadi, M., & Azodi Mirahmadi, A. (2019). Changes of some liver enzymes and blood factors of Lates calcarifer at different salinity levels, Animal Physiology and Development Quarterly. 12 (4), 61-74.