Effect of dietary turmeric (Curcuma longa) addition on growth performance and survival rate against salt-water stress in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Document Type : scientific research article

Author

Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources

Abstract

Considering the development of intensive aquaculture systems and the need to use medicinal plants as growth and immunity promoters, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different level of dietary turmeric (Curcuma longa) supplementation diets on the growth performance and survival rate to salt-water stress in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings. To this purpose, 156 fishes with average weight of 18.71 ± 2.79g were divided into twelve 150 liter fiberglass tanks (13 fish per tank). Then fishes in four groups were fed with 4 formulated feed containing 0, 0.5,1 and 2% of turmeric. During the rearing period, the fish were fed twice a day at 3% of biomass. At the end of the rearing period, growth performances and resistance against salinity stress have been studied in different groups. Results showed that increase in dietary turmeric more than 1% in feed significantly reduced the fish growth and increased fish resistance against salinity stress. highest negative effects on growth performance and the highest survival rate after the stress was related to the 2% turmeric treatment group. According to the present study dietary turmeric supplementation at dosage of 0.5 - 1% in feed has increased common carp resistance in salinity stress situation.

Keywords

Main Subjects


1. Abdelrazek, H.M.A., Tag, H.M., Kilany, O.E., Reddy, P.G., and Hassan, A.M. 2017.
Immuomodulatory effect of dietary turmeric supplementation on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis
niloticus). Aquaculture Nutrition. DOI: 10.1111/anu.12472
2. AbdelTawwab, M., and Abbass, F.E. 2017. Turmeric Powder, Curcuma longa L., in Common
Carp, Cyprinus carpio L., Diets: Growth Performance, Innate Immunity, and Challenge against
Pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila Infection. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society. 48(2):
303- 312.
3. Adams, C.A. 2005. Nutrition based health. Feed International. 2: 25-28.
4. Ammon, H.P., and Wahl, M.A. 1991. Pharmacology of Curcuma longa. Planta medica. 57(1):
1-7.
5. Anand, P., Thomas, S.G., Kunnumakkara, A.B., Sundaram, C., Harikumar, K.B., Sung, B., and
Aggarwal, B.B. 2008. Biological activities of curcumin and its analogues (Congeners) made by
man and Mother Nature. Biochemical pharmacology. 76(11): 1590-1611.
6. Anderson, D.P., and Jeney, G. 1992. Immunostimulants added to injected Aeromonas
salmonicida bacterin enhance the defense mechanisms and protection in rainbow trout
(Oncorhynchus mykiss). Veterinary immunology and immunopathology. 34(3-4): 379-389.
7. Boon, H., and Wong, J. 2004. Botanical medicine and cancer: a review of the safety and
efficacy. Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy. 5(12): 2485-2501.
8. Chattopadhyay, I., Biswas, K., Bandyopadhyay, U., and Banerjee, R.K. 2004. Turmeric and
curcumin:Biological actions and medicinal applications. 87(1): 44-53.
9. Dang, Z., Balm, P.H., Flik, G., Bonga, S.W., and Lock, R.A. 2000. Cortisol increases Na (+)/K
(+)-ATPase density in plasma membranes of gill chloride cells in the freshwater tilapia(
Oreochromis mossambicus). Journal of Experimental Biology. 203(15): 2349-2355.
10.Duvoix, A., Blasius, R., Delhalle, S., Schnekenburger, M., Morceau, F., Henry, E., and
Diederich, M. 2005. Chemopreventive and therapeutic effects of curcumin. Cancer
letters, 223(2): 181-190.
11.Falahatkar, B., and Pourhosein, S.S. 2013. Biochemical, sex steroids and hematological changes
in pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) pre and post spawning. Journal of Animal Researches (Iranian
Journal of Biology). 26(3): 333-343.
12.FAO, 2014. Fisheries and Aquaculture Statistics. Rome, Italy. 105p.
13.FIGIS 2013. Fisheries Global Information System (FAO-FIGIS)– Web site. Fisheries Global
Information System (FIGIS). FI Institutional Websites. In: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture
Department [online]. Rome. (available at: www.fao.org/fishery/figis/en).
14.Ganguly, S., Paul, I., and Mukhopadhayay, S.K. 2010. Application and effectiveness of
immunostimulants, probiotics, and prebiotics in aquaculture: a review. Isr J. Aquac Bamidgeh.
62(3): 130-138.
15.Hosseini-Vashan1, S.J., Yaghobfar, A., Golian, A., Raji, A., Nassiri, M., and Esmaeilinasab, P.
2012. Influence of Turmeric Rhizome Powder diets on decreasing oxidative stress caused by
heat stress inbroiler model. Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences. 19(2): 157-164.
16.Javed, M., Durrani, F.R., Hafeez, A., Khan, R.U., and Ahmad, I. 2009. Effect of aqueous extract
of plant mixture on carcass quality of broiler chicks. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and
Biological Science. 4(1): 37-40.
17.Jiang, J., Wu, X.Y., Zhou, X.Q., Feng, L., Liu, Y., Jiang, W.D., and Zhao, Y. 2016. Effects of
dietary curcumin supplementation on growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activities
and antioxidant capacity of crucian carp Carassius auratus. Aquaculture. 463: 174-180.
18.Keys JD. 1976. Chinese herbs, their botany, chemistry and pharmacodynamics. Rutland, VT,
CE Tuttle.
19.Khani, F., Imanpoor, M., Kolangi, M.H., Ghaedi, A., and Taghizadeh, V. 2015. The effect of
Salinity stress on the Haematological and Serum Biochemical parameters of Persian sturgeon
(Acipenser persicus) Juveniles fed with different levels of Nucleotide-supplemented diet.
Journal of Animal Researches (Iranian Journal of Biology). 28(3): 307-322.
20.Kiso, Y., Suzuki, Y., Watanabe, N., Oshima, Y., and Hikino, H. 1983. Antihepatotoxic
principles of Curcuma longa rhizomes. Planta medica, 49(11): 185-187.
21.Kumar, G.S., Nayaka, H., Dharmesh, S.M., and Salimath, P.V. 2006. Free and bound phenolic
antioxidants in amla (Emblica officinalis) and turmeric (Curcuma longa). Journal of food
composition and analysis. 19(5): 446-452.
22.Lee, J.Y., Gao, Y. 2012. Review of the application of garlic, Allium sativum, in
aquaculture. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society. 43(4): 447-458.
23.Mahmoud, M.M.A., El-Lamie, M.M.M., Dessouki, A.A., and Yusuf, M.S. 2014. Effect of
turmeric (Curcuma longa) supplementation on growth performance, feed utilization, and
resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to Pseudomonas fluorescens challenge. Global
Research Journal of Fishery Science and Aquaculture. 1(12): 26-33.
24.Malar, H.V., and Charles, P.M. 2013. Effect of turmeric Curcuma longa Linn. extract on
immunity and resistance to Vibrio harveyi in black tiger shrimp Penaeus
monodon. International Journal of Research in Zoology. 3(2): 21-26.
25.Masuda, T., Toi, Y, Bando, H., Maekawa, T., Takeda, Y., Yamaguchi, H. 2002. Structural
identification of new curcumin dimers and their contribution to the antioxidant mechanism of
curcumin. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 50(9): 2524-2530.
26.Negi, P.S., Jayaprakasha, G.K., Jagan Mohan Rao, L., and Sakariah, K.K. 1999. Antibacterial
activity of turmeric oil: a byproduct from curcumin manufacture. Journal of Agricultural and
Food Chemistry. 47(10): 4297-4300.
27.Nishikawa, H., Tsutsumi, J., and Kitani, S. 2013. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effect of
curcumin in connective tissue type mast cell. Journal of Functional Foods. 5(2): 763-772.
28.Oetari, S., Sudibyo, M., Commandeur, J.N., Samhoedi, R., and Vermeulen, N.P. 1996. Effects
of curcumin on cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase activities in rat
liver. Biochemical Pharmacology. 51(1): 39-45.
29.Sahu, S., Das, B.K., Mishra, B.K., Pradhan, J., Samal, S.K., and Sarangi, N. 2008. Effect of
dietary Curcuma longa on enzymatic and immunological profiles of rohu, Labeo rohita (Ham.),
infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Aquaculture Research. 39(16): 1720-1730.
30.Saravanan, R., and Pari, L. 2005. Antihyperlipidemic and antiperoxidative effect of Diasulin, a
polyherbal formulation in alloxan induced hyperglycemic rats. BMC Complementary and
Alternative Medicine. 5(1): 14.
31.Shirali, S., Erfani Majd, N., Mesbah, M., and Reza Seifi, M. 2012. Histological Studies of
Common Carp Ovarian Development During Breeding Season in Khouzestan Province,
Iran. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences. 4(2): 159-164.
32.Srivastava, R., Dikshit, M., Srimal, R.C., and Dhawan, B.N. 1985. Anti-thrombotic effect of
curcumin. Thrombosis research. 40(3): 413-417.
33.Turchini, G.M., Mentasti, T., Froyland, L., Orban, E., Caprino, F., Moretti, V.M., Valfre, F.
2003. Effects of alternative dietary lipid sources on performance, tissue chemical composition,
mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation capabilities and sensory characteristics in brown trout.
Aquaculture. 225(1-4): 251-267.
34.Yang, C., Zhang, X., Fan, H., and Liu, Y. 2009. Curcumin upregulates transcription factor Nrf2,
HO-1 expression and protects rat brains against focal ischemia. Brain Research. 1282: 133-141.