اولویت‌بندی بازارهای هدف میگو ایران براساس شاخص‌های رقابت بازاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول، دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

نظر به پتانسیل بالای کشور در زمینه تولید و صادرات میگو، پژوهش حاضر با هدف اولویت‌بندی بازارهای هدف میگو ایران براساس شاخص‌های رقابت بازاری در ایران صورت پذیرفته است. دوره مورد مطالعه این پژوهش طی سال‌های 2022-2003 می‌باشد. بدین منظور مطالعه حاضر با استفاده از نسبت‌های تمرکز و شاخص هرفیندال هیریشمن، مزیت‌نسبی آشکارشده، مزیت‌نسبی آشکارشده متقارن به بررسی الگوی تجاری و ساختار بازار صادراتی میگو ایران و جهان پرداخته است. نتایج نشان داد که مزیت‌نسبی میگوی ایران طی دوره مورد مطالعه با نوسانات زیادی همراه بوده و ریسک رقابتی برای صادرکنندگان این محصول در ایران نسبت به رقبا بالاتر بوده است. ساختار بازار صادراتی این محصول در جهان بین رقابت انحصاری- انحصار چند جانبه بسته متغیر بوده است و سهم چهار کشور برتر صادرکننده جهان طی سال‌های مورد مطالعه 55-33 درصد می‌باشد. همچنین ساختار بازار صادراتی کشور ایران برای محصول میگو طی سال‌های مورد بررسی بین انحصار چند جانبه بسته و بنگاه مسلط متغیر بوده است و سهم چهار کشور برتر واردکننده میگو از ایران دراین سال‌ها 96-73 درصد می‌باشد. با توجه به شاخص‌های مورد بررسی نتایج حاکی از آن است که کشورهای هنگ‌کنگ، امارات، مالزی، روسیه، قطر، چین و ویتنام به ترتیب بهترین بازارها و کم ریسک‌ترین بازارها برای صادرات میگو ایران می‌باشند که میانگین مزیت صادراتی آنها به ترتیب برابر با 19/421، 27/121، 14/113، 09/92، 39/77، 70/72 و 74/45 است. لذا پیشنهاد می‌شود با تمرکز بر کشورهای اولویت‌دار و با بررسی شرایط موجود در بازارهای هدف بویژه سلیقه مصرف‌کنندگان، کشورهای هدف در آنها نفوذ کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prioritizing Iranian shrimp target markets based on market competitiveness indicators

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Majidian 1
  • Iraj saleh 2
  • Amirhossien Haghparast Sedaghat 3
  • Ehsan Shatoei Gharenjeh 3
  • Mahdi Katebi 3
1 Corresponding Author, M.Sc. Student of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Dept. of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 M.Sc. Student of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Given the high potential of the country in shrimp production and export, the present study aims to prioritize the target markets for Iranian shrimp based on market competitiveness indices. The study period spans from 2003 to 2022. To this end, the study examines the trade pattern and export market structure of Iranian and global shrimp using concentration ratios and the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, revealed comparative advantage (RCA), and symmetric revealed comparative advantage (SRCA). The results indicate that the comparative advantage of Iranian shrimp experienced significant fluctuations during the study period, and the competitive risk for Iranian exporters was higher compared to their competitors. The global export market structure for this product varied between monopolistic competition- closed oligopoly, with the share of the top four exporting countries ranging from 33% to 55% during the studied years. Additionally, the export market structure for Iranian shrimp during the studied years ranged between closed oligopoly and dominant firm, with the top four importing countries from Iran accounting for 73% to 96% of the market share. Based on the analyzed indices, the results suggest that Hong Kong, UAE, Malaysia, Russia, Qatar, China, and Vietnam are respectively the best and least risky markets for Iranian shrimp exports, with their average export advantage scores being 421.19, 121.27, 113.14, 92.09, 77.39, 72.70, and 45.74. Therefore, it is recommended to focus on these priority countries and investigate the current conditions in the target markets, especially consumer preferences, to penetrate these markets.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Iran
  • Export markets of shrimp
  • Market structure
  • Aquaculture
  • Herfindahl-Hirschman Index

مراجع

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مجله بهره برداری و پرورش آبزیان
دوره 14، شماره 2
تیر 1404
صفحه 215-233

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